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每个护照背后都有一个故事

这对于国家的公民很不公平,因为他们生下来没有权利做出选择,有些人必须要办签证才能出国。
Madagascar, Eastern Africa

Story by Fortunat Miarintsoa Andrianimanana. Translated by Jie Li
Published on March 1, 2022.

This story is also available in GB ar de es it kr tr



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护照上有许多自己的个人信息。这上面不只是有姓名或者出生日期。海关工作人员永远不会忽略掉三个事情:护照信息页上的签证、签证截止日期还有最重要的护照签发国。这些简单的信息可以让你的生活变得艰难,也会让你童年拥有的“自由环游”世界的理想破灭。当然,事情可能也会按照相反的趋势发展。事实是,如果你现在还没有对自己持有的护照感到愤怒,那可能是因为你生在了“对的”国家。

我仍记得我要去西班牙留学的时候给西班牙大使馆准备的一堆文件,我也记得在英国或者去美国时必须通过签证官的面试 。所以,如果不用提前办理签证或者办理落地签,护照签发国决定了该国人们可以去几个国家。人们只拿护照就可以去的国家越多,这本护照就越“有影响力”。

各国护照每年都会进行排名。2020年,日本、新加坡、韩国、德国、意大利等国家的护照被评为最有影响力的护照。然而,阿富汗、伊拉克叙利亚、巴基斯坦、索马里等国家的护照被评为最不具有影响力的护照 [1]。我拥有马来西亚的护照,这本护照能够让我免签进入55个国家。关于护照不平等的原因的信息很少。但是这一定是因为国家之间的外交和贸易条约。

显然,护照的免签率越大,护照持有者就越可能在世界自由的通行。所以,就我而言,我如果想去非免签国家,我必须拿着我这本影响力小的护照去官方机构办理相关手续,才可以离开我的祖国。这对于国家的公民很不公平,因为他们生下来没有权利做出选择,有些人必须要办签证才能出国。

在影响力小的护照上盖的签证越多,护照持有人越有可能拿到签证,因为大使馆或者签证官知道,这名护照持有人不太可能永久停留在签证签发国内。这就是护照上签证多的好处。就我个人而言,如果我有在欧洲国家或者美国的居住权,我可以免签进入一些国家。

拿着这本影响力小的护照持有人一定会被要求陈述这次旅行的原因、持有人的经济状况、在出国前的表达出要返回原国的意愿。换言之,你的个人财富越多,其他国家越欢迎你。因此,护照首先能筛选出想拿到影响力大的护照的移民。

你的护照没有告诉你的是你的故事。准确的说,你上交护照后申请签证的原因。不幸的是,这是签证官最不关心的事情。看望在另一个国家垂死的家人?想要逃离战事连连的国家,寻求一个庇护所?或者只是想和你的爱人团聚?有成百上千个理由让你短暂或者永久的离开我们的祖国。

你只需要一点运气就可以得到印上签证的护照。但是,你会注意到你的故事将取决于你在签发国发生的事。


[1] 2020年亨氏护照指数  (https://www.henleypassportindex.com/passport)

商业内幕  (https://www.businessinsider.com/best-passports-most-countries-no-visa-henley-index-2020-1)

福布斯 (https://www.forbes.com/sites/duncanmadden/2020/01/10/the-most-powerful-passports-in-the-world-in-2020/)

美国有线电视新闻网 (https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/henley-index-world-best-passport-2020/index.html)


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Fortunat Miarintsoa Andrianimanana

Fortunat Miarintsoa Andrianimanana

I am a 27 years young Malagasy (no, there are no penguins in Madagascar). I am a convinced life enthusiast willing to always adjust the sails, enjoying at the moment the Barcelonean way of life.  When I am not investigating on internationally displaced people’s welfare or learning marketing strategy, you’ll find me listening to piano concertos or giving a (passionate) hug to someone somewhere.

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